In this nurse study guide, you will learn the important topics covering Meningitis in order to pass your next nursing exam.
Meningitis is the inflammation of the meninges, the membranes enclosing the brain and spinal cord, is known as meningitis.
The inflammation of the meninges, the membranes enclosing the brain and spinal cord, is known as meningitis.
The most common type of meningitis is viral, or aseptic, meningitis, which usually goes away on its own without medical intervention. Fungal meningitis is common in individuals who have AIDS. Meningitis caused by bacteria, also referred to as septic meningitis, is a highly fatal infectious disease. The timing of the initiation of care determines the prognosis. There are three vaccines for different pathogens that cause bacterial meningitis. One is available for high-risk populations, such as residential college students.
Causes
Causes of meningitis include bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, and drugs.
Bacteria. S pneumoniae, a gram-positive coccus, is the most common bacterial cause of meningitis.
Viruses. Enteroviruses account for of the majority of cases of aseptic meningitis in children; the nonpolio enteroviruses (NPEVs) account for approximately 90% of cases of viral meningitis in which a specific pathogen can be identified; the mumps virus is the most common cause of aseptic meningitis in unimmunized populations, occurring in 30% of all patients with mumps.
Fungi. Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated, yeast like fungus that is ubiquitous; Coccidioides immitis is a soil-based, dimorphic fungus that exists in mycelial and yeast (spherule) forms; blastomyces dermatitidis is a dimorphic fungus that has been reported to be endemic in North America.
Manifestations
Diagnostics
Results Indicative of Meningitis
Nursing Interventions
Medications for Meningitis
Complications
Care Plan
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